Meter las notas en el ordenador
 

colgar/meter/poner las notas en el ordenador. How can I say this in English?
concerning my students´marks.

Enter (the) grades/marks
Put (the) grades/marks in
Record (the) grades/marks

onto the computer?
Can we say transfer the marks onto the computer?

We generally transfer from or transfer to, suggesting movement of something physical. We can transfer physical items into a box.

With the advent of the computer, however, we began loading stuff onto it (with the drive or disk in mind). Transferring files from one place to another has to involve a command processed by the computer, and data loaded into memory, a chunk at a time, is handled by the I/O circuit.
If we don't get caught up in what's happening every microsecond, the ones and zeros that resided on a disk are going to end up on a disk (same disk in another sector or on another disk), but at some point they are in memory.

In general, we upload or transfer things onto a computer.

Transferring grades onto a computer makes us think about where the grades used to reside (a disk of some sort) and where they are going to reside (again, a disk of some sort). The grades could have been entered into an application that is running. These go into memory until saved (written to a disk). Anything in memory (not yet written to the disk) is lost when power is interrupted.

I agree with Rusty: if you are creating the first digital/electronic record of the grades, you enter/record them onto a computer or into an application, or into a system, and then save the data to a file or to a database.

Transferring grades does not describe creating a new digital/electronic record; it describes copying or moving a digital/electronic record that already exists from one device, application, or system to a different device, application or system.

Sometimes we say "download" or "upload" instead of "transfer", but "download" and "upload" always imply a particular direction between two different devices. Which word to use depends on whether or not the two devices have different functions.

If one device is responsible for permanently recording and/or saving the data and the other device is responsible for actively using the data, then we upload to the device that records and/or saves the data and we download to the device that uses the data.

If the two devices do not have distinct roles within the network, then usually we upload from this device to the other device and download from the other device to this device.

thank you both