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A reflexive verb is a subset of the pronominal verbs. (Not all pronominal verbs are reflexive verbs, but all reflexive verbs are pronominal verbs.)
The action of the verb reflects back on the subject when a reflexive verb is used.
A pronominal verb can look exactly like a reflexive verb, but the action is not reflected back on the subject.
The verb in your first sentence is not properly conjugated. It must be in the first person in order to be considered a proper context for the title of the thread.
Your second sentence isn't translated correctly. It should say 'He jumped'.
subir = to climb, go up, get on, get in, board, get on board
subirse = to go to somebody's head, to go straight to somebody's head, to talk down to
subirse = to get in or on
saltar = to jump, leap
saltarse = skip (fail to do something), go off (a diet or routine), break (a law)
As you can see, subirse is not always reflexive. And saltarse is usually not used in a reflexive way. These are pronominal verbs.
The meaning of 'me subí a la mesa' is a way to give emphasis to the fact that you got yourself up there. In other words, it denotes that you climbed it in a quick or awkward fashion. To simply say that you climbed up on the table, you can omit the pronoun (and the preposition).
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