Quote:
Originally Posted by AngelicaDeAlquezar
I hope I have helped you = Espero que (yo) te haya ayudado.
I hope it has helped you = Espero que (esto) te haya ayudado.
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Also:
Espero haberte ayudado.
This is another way to say the first sentence. This follows the 'use the infinitive if the subject doesn't change' rule. Note that there is no secondary clause. If you use
espero que, though, then you've got a secondary clause which must contain the subjunctive (even if the subject doesn't change).
And, as already has been mentioned in another thread, you don't need the subjunctive in every secondary clause. The indicative would have sufficed in most of your sentences.