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Llevan acentos...

 

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  #1  
Old June 11, 2008, 07:36 AM
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Llevan acentos...

Me dijieron en mi clase de Español, que las palabras llevan acentos en caso de:
agudas - el golpe de se cae en el última vocal
llana - el golpe de voz se cae en penuútima sílaba
esdrújula - siempre llevan tilde en el ante penúltima sílaba.
Pero, todavía no lo veo muy claro. Me ayudaís con más explicaciones y ejemplos, por favor?
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Last edited by Jane; June 11, 2008 at 08:12 AM.
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  #2  
Old June 11, 2008, 08:09 AM
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Aquí te va mi opinión. No te enfoques mucho en los términos gramaticales: aguda, llana, esdrújula, sobreesdrújula. Aprende qué significan para tus exámenes, pero para realmente aprender lo de los acentos escritos, usa lo siguiente.

1. Si la palabra termina en vocal, n o s, el acento hablado va en la penúltima sílaba.
2. Si la palabra termina en cualquier otra letra, el acento hablado va en la última sílaba.
3. Si al decir una palabra, el acento hablado no se conforma a las dos reglas anteriores, lleva acento escrito en la sílaba con acento hablado

acento hablado = el acento prosódico, énfasis hablado, golpe etc.

I'll repeat this in English.

1. If a word ends in a vowel, n or s, then the second-to-last syllable normally gets the stress.
2. If a word ends in one of the other consonants, the last syllable normally gets the stress.
3. If the spoken stress is in a different syllable from what's stated above, then that syllable gets a written accent mark.

To me this simplifies it to basically one rule:

If spoken stress is not on the second-to-last syllable for words that end in a vowel, n or s, and spoken stress is not on the last syllable for words ending in other letters, then it gets a written accent mark on the syllable that has the spoken stress.


In addition to this, you need to memorize the short list of words that use a written accent mark to differentiate between two words that would otherwise be written the same.

se - sé
si - sí
el - él
te - té
solo - sólo

etc.
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  #3  
Old June 11, 2008, 08:13 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Jane View Post
Me dijeron en mi clase de español, que las palabras llevan acentos, clasificados por tres tipos:
aguda - el golpe de voz se cae en la última sílaba
llana - el golpe de voz se cae en la penúltima sílaba
esdrújula - siempre llevan tilde en la antepenúltima sílaba.
Pero, todavía no lo veo muy claro. ¿Me ayudáis con más explicaciones y ejemplos, por favor?
Corrections above.

[palabra] aguda: [word with] final syllable stress

[palabra] llana: [word with] second-to-last syllable stress

[palabra] esdrújula: [word with] third-to-last syllable stress

[palabra] sobresdrújula: [word with] fourth-to-last syllable stress, or earlier

Words of the last two types will always have a written accent.

Ejemplos:

palabras agudas (words that end in any letter but a vowel, n, or s):
español, lugar, bondad

palabras llanas (words that end in a vowel, n, or s):
española, lugares, hablan

palabras esdrújulas (words that are accented on the third-to-last syllable):
esdrújula, américa, espactáculo

palabras sobresdrújulas (words that are accented on the fourth-to-last syllable, or earlier):
cómpremelo, búsquemelo, tráigamelo

And, as David already explained, accents are found on homophones.

Last edited by Rusty; June 11, 2008 at 08:23 AM.
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  #4  
Old June 11, 2008, 10:49 AM
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I'm not very good at learning rules, so in my opinion the best thing you can do is reading a lot and paying attention to accents. It's a visual thing, very much like the way children learn to read in English.
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  #5  
Old June 11, 2008, 11:18 AM
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I think the rule (notice singular rule, see post #2) for written accent marks in Spanish is fairly straighforward and shouldn't be difficult to learn. I also agree with Gemma that the more you read the better your orthography will be.
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  #6  
Old June 11, 2008, 11:46 AM
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I would say, Jane, your definition of acento fónico is perfect. Rusty's corrections are right, but where you wrote se cae must be said recae.



Acento fónico is a stress of tone in the inside of the word, following this scheme:
  • Agudas: _ _ ´
  • Llanas: _ ´_
  • Esdrújulas: ´_ _
(Where "_" is a non stressed syllable and "´" is a stressed syllable.)

This is just an acoustic point, so, you can distinguish hablo (I speak) from habló (I spoke).


But, you can ask why one of these words got an acento ortográfico and the other one hasn't got it (habló, but háblo).

Once you know how to classify words by their acentos fónicos, you should know when to write an acento ortográfico over the main vowel of the stressed syllable. Here is where the rule of vowel, n or s comes.
  • Las agudas se acentúan cuando acaban en vocal, ene o ese.
  • Las llanas se acentúan cuando no acaban ni en vocal, ni en ene, ni en ese.
  • Las esdrújulas y sobresdrújulas se acentúan siempre.
Some examples of words clasified by their acentos fónicos with and without acento ortográfico:
  • Agudas: camión, avión, jamás, alhelí, vendrá, pared, reloj, cartel, etc.
  • Llanas: tárot, Pérez, libro, cartero, etc.
  • Esdrújulas: pájaro, cántaro, esdrújula, bolígrafo, farándula, gótico, purísima, etc.
There are some other rules for dipthongs and tripthongs. Let's see them later.
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Old June 11, 2008, 12:47 PM
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Gracias a todos.

Quote:
Originally Posted by Alfonso View Post
There are some other rules for dipthongs and tripthongs. Let's see them later.
Alfonso, can we know those other rules.
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Old June 11, 2008, 02:16 PM
Alfonso Alfonso is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Jane View Post
Alfonso, can we know those other rules.
It will take a little, Jane. I think it's better for you to pratice the rules you already got. Let's see this examples, without tilde (acento ortográfico). Will you be able to write the necessary tildes?:
  • Asi.
  • Camara.
  • Cordoba.
  • Vazquez.
  • Carcamal.
  • Caballo.
  • Lampara.
  • Perdon.
  • Palido.
  • Cantaba.
  • Desayuno.
  • Investigue.
  • Investigo.
If you don't know how to pronounce any of them, please tell me and I will tell you which syllable the acento fónico is over.
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  #9  
Old June 12, 2008, 04:17 AM
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Investigue podría tener acento o no dependiendo de qué tiempo sea.
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Last edited by María José; June 12, 2008 at 05:17 AM.
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  #10  
Old June 12, 2008, 04:23 AM
Alfonso Alfonso is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Gemma View Post
Investigue podría tener acento o no dependiendo de que tiempo sea.
That's the point for English speakers to guess. Only investigue?
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