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#11
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It seems to be restricted to a few -ir verbs - any idea why?
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#12
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@Irma: No, conjugation is the same everywhere, at least for "dormir".
@Perikles & pjt: por razones eufónicas.
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#13
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I know that the grammar is grammar here in anywhere, but only I was opining about the thread.
I'm sorry if my commentary was very impertinent
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#14
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Quote:
1ª fase: o > ue: verbos de 1ª y 2ª conjugación (y dormir y morir) con vocal en o en la raíz diptongan en ue: duermo. 2ª fase: ue > u: por debilitación vocálica (vocales átonas) se pierde la segunda vocal del diptongo: durmió. Todas cambio lingüístico sigue una máxima: la ley del mínimo esfuerzo. |
#15
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Quote:
dormí dormiste durmió dormimos dormisteis durmieron The change occurs here when the accent does not fall on the vowel after the 'o'. This had me really puzzled until I realized that una máxima is not un máximo |
#16
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Quote:
I guess the change would have been: dormió > duermió > durmió. Una máxima is a rule, an idea, a doctrine. |
#18
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Because the most used verbs are the ones which are irregular. And in a irregular verb, the persons who have most changes are the most used.
It's been studied that the third person singular is the most used and the first to be learned, so, usually, it receives the main changes. Other forms are resistant to changes, though the first one is the second which usually changes (more than the second person). Furthermore, the third person plural of indefinite or preterit is used to form the imperfect and future of subjunctive (without the ending -on): durmieron - durmieran /dumiesen, durmieren. (Or I think so). |
#19
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Thanks, Irma - I find this really interesting. I suppose the 3rd person plural is the second most used part of the verb, and this explains why the vowel changes, with the change taken over into the subjunctive.
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#20
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Yes, I mean that the first person was the second after the third (both singular and plural).
Anyway, everything is a theory, but I guess this is good enough to understand these changes. Furthermore, these theories or hypothesis are based on studies of the language. You can find in the Internet a lot of them about the verb 'dormir' or 'morir' (with the same irregularity), where both forms (the newer one with 'u' or the older one with 'o' can be found in texts from XII century (Cantar del Mío Cid and Gonzalo de Berceo): El verbo castellano morir derívase del vulgar moriré, según vimos en el capítulo de los sufijos de perfecto, y no del clásico mori, como antes se creía; todos se refieren á la raíz mar, que encierra la misma idea; cf. muer-te, mor- tal, mor-bo. El participio mortuo perdió la u por la ley novena, cf. batuo y bato, y la o de la raíz se transformó en ice por la ley fonética veinte, resultan- do muerto. Las transformaciones de estos verbos se hallan ya en los primeros monumentos del idioma castellano: «&* nos muriéremos en campo, en castiello nos enterraran)) (P, del Cid), nCayen en vn poco de logar moros muertos mili e GGG ya)) (ibíd.). «Vn suenno prisso dulce, tan bien se adurmió» (ibíd.). <íEI pastor que non duerme» (Berc, S. D., 24). € Apremió la cabera, fosse adormi- tando)) (id., S. M., 10). Pero no se encuentran usadas con la misma regulari- dad y simetría que en la actualidad. Al lado de durmió dice Berceo: dMientre tapie dormiendoy> (S. Mili., 10). aQuando veno la noch la ora que dormiessen» (Mili., 347). http://www.archive.org/stream/morfol...cgoog_djvu.txt |
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