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Objeto indirecto vs objeto directo

 

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  #1  
Old September 16, 2018, 12:17 PM
babymetal babymetal is offline
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Objeto indirecto vs objeto directo

De vez en cuando veo oraciones así,

- Lo veo.

- No le he ganado.

La primera usa un objeto directo y la segunda usa un objeto indirecto y no sé por qué. Tiene algo que ver con el tipo de verbo es?

No sé si me he explicado bien. También estoy usando construcciones a las que no estoy acostumbrado mucho.

Gracias.
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  #2  
Old September 16, 2018, 06:52 PM
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AngelicaDeAlquezar AngelicaDeAlquezar is offline
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"Lo"/"la" and "le" are the pronouns to substitute respectively the Direct Object and the Indirect Object in the third person singular. There are pronouns for every other person too.

The Direct Object is the thing or person receiving the action of the verb. It may reply to the question "What?"
In your example: "Lo veo" -> ¿Qué veo? (What/whom do I see?) -> The answer may be: "Veo a Juan", "veo un libro"...


- Llévame a casa.
Take me home. (Whom are you taking home? Me.)

- Te llaman por teléfono.
They're calling you on the phone. (Whom are they calling? You.)

- Abre la caja. -> Ábrela / Abre el libro. -> Ábrelo
Open the box. / Open the book. (What are you opening? The box, the book.)

- ¡No nos asustes!
Do not scare us! (Whom shouldn't you scare? Us.)

- Niños, no se vayan; los necesito aquí. / Niñas, no se vayan; las quiero aquí.
Boys, don't go away; I need you here. / Girls, don't go away; I want you here. (Whom do I need/want here? You, boys and girls.)

- Oigo sus voces. -> Las oigo. / Oigo sus pasos. -> Los oigo.
I hear their voices. -> I hear them. / I hear their steps. -> I hear them. (What do I hear? Their voices, their steps.)


The Indirect Object is the thing or person affected by the verb. It may reply to the question "for whom"? or "to whom?"
In your example: No le he ganado. -> ¿A quién no le he ganado? -> Possible answers may be "No le he ganado al campeón", "no le he ganado a mi amigo".

- ¿Me cantas una canción?
Will you sing me a song? (To whom are you singing a song? To me.)

- ¿Te sirvo sopa?
Do I serve you soup? (To whom should I serve soup? To you.)

- No le digas nada.
Don't tell him/her anything. (To whom shouldn't you tell anything? To him/her.)

- Nos trajeron regalos. / Nos dieron flores.
They brought us presents. / They gave us flowers. (To whom did they bring presents and flowers? To us.)

- Devuélveles sus juguetes.
Give them their toys back. (To whom should you give their toys back? To them.)
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  #3  
Old September 16, 2018, 10:52 PM
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Bobbert Bobbert is offline
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Wow, Angelica! That was great -- very clear, complete, thorough, and even color-coded. Because I also struggle with direct and indirect objects, this is a great reference item for my study and review files.

Even though I'm not the original person who posed the question, I just wanted you to know how much I got out of your answer and how much I appreciate your taking the time to write such details to babymetal's question.........Bobbert
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Old September 17, 2018, 11:04 AM
babymetal babymetal is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by AngelicaDeAlquezar View Post
"Lo"/"la" and "le" are the pronouns to substitute respectively the Direct Object and the Indirect Object in the third person singular. There are pronouns for every other person too.

The Direct Object is the thing or person receiving the action of the verb. It may reply to the question "What?"
In your example: "Lo veo" -> ¿Qué veo? (What/whom do I see?) -> The answer may be: "Veo a Juan", "veo un libro"...


- Llévame a casa.
Take me home. (Whom are you taking home? Me.)

- Te llaman por teléfono.
They're calling you on the phone. (Whom are they calling? You.)

- Abre la caja. -> Ábrela / Abre el libro. -> Ábrelo
Open the box. / Open the book. (What are you opening? The box, the book.)

- ¡No nos asustes!
Do not scare us! (Whom shouldn't you scare? Us.)

- Niños, no se vayan; los necesito aquí. / Niñas, no se vayan; las quiero aquí.
Boys, don't go away; I need you here. / Girls, don't go away; I want you here. (Whom do I need/want here? You, boys and girls.)

- Oigo sus voces. -> Las oigo. / Oigo sus pasos. -> Los oigo.
I hear their voices. -> I hear them. / I hear their steps. -> I hear them. (What do I hear? Their voices, their steps.)


The Indirect Object is the thing or person affected by the verb. It may reply to the question "for whom"? or "to whom?"
In your example: No le he ganado. -> ¿A quién no le he ganado? -> Possible answers may be "No le he ganado al campeón", "no le he ganado a mi amigo".

- ¿Me cantas una canción?
Will you sing me a song? (To whom are you singing a song? To me.)

- ¿Te sirvo sopa?
Do I serve you soup? (To whom should I serve soup? To you.)

- No le digas nada.
Don't tell him/her anything. (To whom shouldn't you tell anything? To him/her.)

- Nos trajeron regalos. / Nos dieron flores.
They brought us presents. / They gave us flowers. (To whom did they bring presents and flowers? To us.)

- Devuélveles sus juguetes.
Give them their toys back. (To whom should you give their toys back? To them.)

Ya sé la diferencia en la mayor parte pero no estoy seguro de la rázon por la que se usa "le" en vez de "lo" cuando se trate de mi ejemplo.

"Le he ganado."

Es porque es un verbo intransitivo aquí?
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Old September 17, 2018, 11:05 AM
babymetal babymetal is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Bobbert View Post
Wow, Angelica! That was great -- very clear, complete, thorough, and even color-coded. Because I also struggle with direct and indirect objects, this is a great reference item for my study and review files.

Even though I'm not the original person who posed the question, I just wanted you to know how much I got out of your answer and how much I appreciate your taking the time to write such details to babymetal's question.........Bobbert
They're not too difficult to understand for the most part, but sometimes I see an indirect object used where I would expect a direct one and vice versa and it confuses me.
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Old September 17, 2018, 05:47 PM
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AngelicaDeAlquezar AngelicaDeAlquezar is offline
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@Babymetal: La respuesta está en mi mensaje anterior. La razón es que se trata de un objeto indirecto, no de un objeto directo. Puedes ganar una competencia o un premio, no una persona. La pregunta es "¿a quién le gané?", no "¿qué gané?"

@Bobbert: I'm glad you found it useful.
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Old September 19, 2018, 10:56 AM
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jonah jonah is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by AngelicaDeAlquezar View Post
Puedes ganar una competencia o un premio, no una persona. La pregunta es "¿a quién le gané?", no "¿qué gané?"
@Angelica, but why is "le" needed at all in this phrase? In other words, why wouldn't it work to say "No he ganado al campeon".

For example, in the past I learned if I wanted to say "I can't believe that team beat us," I could say "No puedo creer que ese equipo nos haya ganado."

But that doesn't mean that the team won us as a prize, right?

Last edited by Rusty; September 19, 2018 at 02:11 PM. Reason: fixed code
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Old September 19, 2018, 11:34 AM
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wrholt wrholt is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by jonah View Post
@Angelica, but why is "le" needed at all in this phrase? In other words, why wouldn't it work to say "No he ganado al campeon".

For example, in the past I learned if I wanted to say "I can't believe that team beat us," I could say "No puedo creer que ese equipo nos haya ganado."

But that doesn't mean that the team won us as a prize, right?
Because by itself "al campeón" is ambiguous: it could be either a direct object or an indirect object. How do we know which one the speaker intends? By whether the speaker includes "le" (it's an indirect object) or doesn't include "le" (it's a direct object). (Depending on context, the speaker might assume that it's obviously an indirect object and not bother to say "le".)

As for "No puedo creer que ese equipo nos haya ganado.", only third-person pronouns distinguish direct object pronouns (lo/la/los/las), indirect object pronouns (le/les) and reflexive object pronouns (se), while first- and second-person object pronouns (me, te, nos, os) are identical for all uses (direct object, indirect object, and reflexive object). The listener has to figure it out from context, previous experience, and the person & number of the verb form.

Last edited by wrholt; September 19, 2018 at 05:13 PM. Reason: added mssing word
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  #9  
Old September 21, 2018, 04:10 AM
babymetal babymetal is offline
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What about the verb seguir? For example. Siguele al hombre. That's indirect, why not direct?
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Old September 21, 2018, 09:30 AM
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wrholt wrholt is offline
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Quote:
Originally Posted by babymetal View Post
What about the verb seguir? For example. Siguele al hombre. That's indirect, why not direct?
Because the underlying expression is "seguirle los pasos a alguien". The direct object is the steps/path, and the indirect object indicates the person who shows where the path is.
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