Las Matemáticas — Mathematics

Las Matemáticas — Mathematics
 

Resta  - Subtraction

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}resta , sustracción  | subtraction
{|}restar | to subtract, to minus
{|}restar 5 de 10 | subtract 5 from 10
{|}minuendo  | minuend
{|}sustraendo  | subtrahend
{|}diferencia  | difference
{|}Cuatro menos tres es igual a uno. | Four minus three equals one.
[/TABLE]

Suma  - Addition

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}sumar | to add, to sum
{|}Dos más tres es igual a cinco. | Two plus three equals five.
[/TABLE]

División  - Division

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}dividir | to divide
{|}Diez entre dos es igual a cinco. | Two into ten equals five.
{|}Diez dividido por dos es igual a cinco. | Ten divided by two equals five.
[/TABLE]

Multiplicación  - Multiplication

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}multiplicar | to multiply
{|}5 por 5 son 25 | 5 times 5 makes 25
{|}Tres por dos es igual a seis. | Three times two equals six.
{|}Tres multiplicado por dos es igual a seis. | Three multiplied by two equals six.
[/TABLE]

Campos  - Fields

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}álgebra  | algebra
{|}cálculo  | calculus
{|}aritmética  | arithmetic
{|}geometría  | geometry
{|}análisis  | analysis
{|}topología  | topology
{|}probabilidad  | probability
{|}estadística  | statistics
{|}matemática discreta  | discrete mathematics
{|}teoría de números  | number theory
{|}aritmética  | arithmetic
{|}combinatoria  | combinatorics
{|}ecuaciones diferenciales  | differential equations
{|}lógica  | logic
[/TABLE]

Tipos  de número  - Types of number

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}número real  | real number
{|}entero  | integer
{|}cero  | zero
{|}negativo | negative
{|}positivo | positive
{|}racional | rational
{|}irracional | irrational
{|}fracción | fraction
[/TABLE]

General

[TABLE=sortable]
{||}Spanish | English
{|}igualdad  | equality
{|}descomposición  en factores  | factoring
{|}factor  | factor
{|}ecuación  | equation
{|}variable  | variable
{|}coordenada  | coordinate
{|}verificación  | proof
{|}raíz cúbica  | cubed root
{|}raíz cuadrada  | square root
{|}pi  | pi
{|}exponente  | exponent
{|}signo radical  | radical sign
{|}a la quinta potencia | to the fifth power
{|}potencia  | power
{|}incógnita  | unknown
{|}sistema  de coordenadas  Cartesianas | Cartesian coordinate system
{|}eje  de las x | x axis
{|}eje  de las abscisas | x axis
{|}eje  de las y | y axis
{|}eje  de las ordenadas | y axis
{|}seno  | sine
{|}coseno  | cosine
{|}tangente  | tangent
{|}división  | ratio
{|}hipotenusa  | hypotenuse
{|}cateto adyacente  | adjacent leg, adjacent side
{|}cateto opuesto  | opposite leg, opposite side
{|}ángulo recto  | 90 degree angle, right angle
{|}triángulo rectángulo  | right triangle, right angle triangle
{|}triángulo equilátero  | equilateral triangle
{|}triángulo isósceles  | isosceles triangle
{|}triángulo escaleno  | scalene triangle
{|}teorema  | theorem
{|}polígono  | polygon
{|}pendiente  | slope, gradient
{|}triángulo  | triangle
{|}ángulo  | angle
{|}grado  | degree
{|}unidades  | units, ones
{|}décimas  | tens
{|}centésimas  | hundreds
{|}milésimas  | thousands
{|}integral | integral
{|}derivada | derivative
{|}logaritmo  | logarithm, log
{|}logaritmo  neperiano | napierian logarithm, natural logarithm, natural log
{|}límite  | limit
{|}límite tiende a infinito | limit tends to infinity
[/TABLE]

La variable es femenino y pi también es correcto.

I'd like to know, in English:

- Menos (and igual a) (from?):
4 - 3 =
Cuatro menos tres es igual a

- Más (and?):
2 + 3 =
Dos más tres igual a

- Dividido por (o entre) (divided?):
5 : 2 =
Cinco entre dos (o dividido por dos) es igual a

- Multiplicado por:
3 · 2 =
Tres por dos igual a

Se puede decir, Math
O en Inglaterra "Maths" (Pienso)

@David: "la variable" is correct. And "el (número) pi". :)

In Mexico we use "las matemáticas" in plural. :)

Some additions:

Campos (los) - Fields
Trigonometría (la) - trigonometry


Seno (el) - sine
Coseno (el) - cosine
Tangente (la) - tangent
División (la) - ratio
Hipotenusa (la) - hypotenuse
Cateto adyacente (el) - adjacent leg
Cateto opuesto (el) - opposite leg
Ángulo recto (el) - 90 degree angle
Triángulo rectángulo (el) - right triangle
Triángulo equilátero (el) - equilateral triangle
Triángulo isósceles (el) - isosceles triangle
Triángulo escaleno (el) - scalene triangle
Teorema (el) - theorem
Polígono (el) - Polygon
pendiente (la) - Slope

All suggestions have been added. Thanks! :)

Integral: integral
Derivada: derivative
Límite: (limit?)
Límite tiende a infinito: (limit tends to infinite?)
Logaritmo: logarithm
Logaritmo neperiano: ? logarithm

Coordinate is coordenada.

Números pares e impares = even and odd

Números primos = prime numbers

It would be nice to remember counting units, tens and hundrends (unidades, decimas y centesimas) especially because The British and The americans do it differently.

A few more additions

A few small additions.

Division:
El resto**: remainder
El resto de 10 entre 3 es 1: the remainder of 10 divided by 3 is 1; 10 divided by 3 leaves 1

** ¡Muy distinto de "la resta"!

Campos:
La geometría: geometry
La combinatoria: combinatorics
La probabilidad: probability
La estadística: statistics

Classification of mathematical statements (group with el teorema):
El axioma: axiom
La conjetura: conjecture
La hipótesis: hypothesis

Important general terms:
El conjunto: set
El grupo: group
El cuerpo: field
El binomio: binomial
El polinomio: polynomial
La relación binaria: binary relation
La función: function
inyectiva: injective
sobreyectiva: surjective

Types of number:
imaginario: imaginary
complejo: complex

As I start my school year (it's almost Fall in the northern hemisphere), I'll start making a list as I encounter them of Algebra terms that I think would be important (and for which I'd like to know the Spanish equivalents). I will have an entire class this year of ESOL students ("English as a Second Language"), the grand majority of whom are Spanish speakers with very little (if any) background in English. This class will be team taught with an ESOL expert (who is a VERY dynamic teacher!). Neither of us is very fluent in Spanish....

Here's a list from our first week of discussions about content:
Inverse
Opposite (i.e. Additive Inverse)
Reciprocal (i.e. Multiplicative Inverse)
Commutative Property
Associative Property
Distributive Property
Identity (in other words, Additive Identity or Multiplicative Identity)
Operations (which includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.)
Grouping Symbols
Parentheses
Expression
Terms (in an expression)
Like Terms

My ESOL/Algebra class this year is going well. 25 out of the 28 students are native Spanish speakers and usually enjoy the fact that I am trying to learn to speak Spanish. Although on Friday I heard something like "No me gusta que la profesora puede entender el español" or something similar. :)

Anyway - I have been trying to do one-on-one explanations with the Spanish speakers using as much Spanish as I can (when I know I am correct). We use the word "equis" a lot. :) But I have found that I don't know how to say "x squared" in Spanish. I know that "square" is "cuadro". Is "x squared" said as "x cuadrado"? So if I were reading an expression, I would say something like this: (x^2 + 3x) would be "equis cuadrado más tres equis". ??? "Cuadrado"???

Four minus three equals...
Two plus three equals ...
Five divided by two equals...
Three times two equals... :)

"Al cuadrado" (x³ al cubo, y después a la cuarta, a la quinta, etc. [potencia])

Equis al cuadrado más tres equis. :)

Thanks, Perikles :)

Thank you very much! So could you say either "equis al cuadrado" OR "equis a la segunda"?

I've always said "al cuadrado o al cubo", never "a la segunda o a la tercera". But I'm not sure if in other countries it's possible (or even in mine). Sorry :sad:

Es como las raíces: raíz cuadrada, raíz cúbica y después raíz cuarta, etc. Yo no diría raíz segunda ni tercera :thinking:

In English, we can say "x squared" OR "x to the second power" and "x cubed" OR "x to the third power". Both are equally acceptable, and I teach both.

With the roots, I would only ever say "square root", but could easily exchange "third root" for "cube root".

English is a strange language.......... :)

En México se dice "equis cuadrada".

x cubed is an "equis al cubo"... sometimes (not too often) "equis cúbica"

Raise to a power is "elevar a la [cuarta, quinta, etc.] potencia"

As for the roots, it's the same as Irma has said.


By the way, Lou Ann, all the letters (and variables) in Spanish are always referred to in feminine. ;)