Cap, res, gens

Cap, res, gens
 

En qués se diferencian estas partículas:
Sé que las tres pueden ser negativas, y que cap tb puede ser interrogativa.
Y cuando uso, cap y cuando uso ningú.
Graciès.

Look here. :)

But better explained:

Cap = ninguno/ninguna

- Tens algun llibre d'anglès?
- No, no en tinc cap.

Res = nada

No tinc res per esmorzar avui.

Gens (de) = nada de

- Tens pa?
- No me'n queda gens.

Gens es adverbio de cantidad, mientras que res es pronombre. Se suelen confundir mucho entre ellos (yo también). Una forma de saberlo es sustituir "gens" por "gens ni mica" (nada de nada -de algo-):

No tinc gens ni mica per esmorzar :bad: (gens ni mica de?)
No tinc gens ni mica de pa. :good:
No me'n queda gens ni mica (de pa). :good:

Ningú només és per a persona:

No he vist ningú.

Can anyone tell me how to pronounce l-l and ll (LLs to avoid confusion!); e.g. xarel-lo, and if there is variation dependent on position in the word.?

The double l is pronounced differently throughout the Spanish-speaking world, and different rules apply regard its pronunciation change in the position of the word. I think of non-native speakers the y pronunciation is acceptable, but be aware of the fact that some populations pronounce the ll as solid j and others as a less solid j, and others as y with a slight l in it.

Poli - I think we're at cross purposes here - it is Catalán pronunciation I'm seeking clarification on not Castellano!

It is a Catalán thread.

I don't speak català but I live somewhere where a dialect is spoken - so take this as non-authoritative. It seems that ll is pronounced as a Spanish ll, and l·l as a long l. So e.g. sol·licitar sounds like solisitar but with a longer l sound.

Yes, Pjt is right, although almost nobody pronounces l·l as a long l, but a normal l. ;)

Xarel·lo, a kind of grape, by the way. :)

Ll - very long in Barcelona! Cava is made from Xarel-lo.

Ll, l and l·l (or l.l) are different sounds in Catalonian. A simple /l/ as in Barcelona is not pronounced like a Spanish /l/, it is known as "ela molla", a bit velar [ɫ]. Ela geminada would sound a bit velar, but longer, like double Italian /l/ (della) [ɫˈɫ]. :)

And well, there are several varieties of grapes used to produce cava, such as parellada or macabeo as well. But I don't like cava anyway, I prefer wine. :D

What is Catalan language, never heard that kind of language before. Sorry for my ignorant. :o

This is a language spoken in Catalonia, a region from Spain. :)

Cataluña tiene cuatro provincias, Barcelona, Lleida (Lérida), Girona (Gerona) y Tarragona. Hablan su propia idioma - Catalá, que es la lengua oficial de la región, y tambien lo hablan (con variaciones) en Castellón, Valencia y Alicante, donde se llama Valenciá. Se habla tambien en Mallorca, Menorca e Ibiza y el sudoeste de Francia.

¡Cataluña, únicamente en España ha prohibido "La Fiesta Brava"!

A region of Spain.

Only trying to help!

Well, there are people on that "region" that say "Som una nació"... but that is a political matter, rather than linguistic...

No té res que veure, una cosa amb l'altra... (does it?)