Conjugación de verbos

[Caramelita]

Hola !!

De lo que tengo entendido, los verbos conjugan en : tempus (tiempo), modus (modo) y persona. ¿Es correcto?

por ejemplo. modo - indicativo, subjuntivo, condicional y imperativo ( claro que hay más, pero los principal son estos, no?

tiempo- presente y imperfecto (los principales ?)

y persona: yo, tú, él y ella, nosotros, vosotros, ellos ?

[Perikles]

Originally Posted by Caramelita

De lo que tengo entendido, los verbos conjugan en : tempus (tiempo), modus (modo) y persona. ¿Es correcto?

There are two more attributes: number and voice. Number is either singular or plural.

yo : first person singular
nosotros: first person plural
etc.

Voice is either active or passive (although the Spanish passive voice is avoided, it does exist so you must be aware of it. An example: Este libro fue escrito por un amigo mío)

[Caramelita]

Originally Posted by Perikles

There are two more attributes: number and voice. Number is either singular or plural.

yo : first person singular
nosotros: first person plural
etc.

Voice is either active or passive (although the Spanish passive voice is avoided, it does exist so you must be aware of it. An example: Este libro fue escrito por un amigo mío)

Oh, so if I need to conjugate the verbs, is this the right way? :

for example the verb "comer"


Persona Modo subjuntivo + Tiempo presente

yo coma
tú comas
él coma
nosotros comamos
vosotros comáis
ellos coman


Modo subjuntivo + Tiempo imperfecto

comiera, comieras, comiera, comiéramos, comieráis, comieran

Modo indicativo + Tiempo presente

como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen

Modo indicativo + Tiempo imperefecto

comí, comiste, comió, comimos, comisteis, comieron

Modo condicional + (hay tiempo para este modo?)

comería, comerías, comería, comeríamos, comeríais, comerían

Modo imperativo :

yo - (no hay), come, coma, comamos, comad, coman


¿Dónde debo poner el número? is "voice" same as aspecto ?

[Perikles]

Originally Posted by Caramelita

Oh, so if I need to conjugate the verbs, is this the right way? :

for example the verb "comer"


Persona Modo subjuntivo + Tiempo presente

yo coma
tú comas
él coma
nosotros comamos
vosotros comáis
ellos coman


Modo subjuntivo + Tiempo imperfecto

comiera, comieras, comiera, comiéramos, comieráis (no accent), comieran

Modo indicativo + Tiempo presente

como, comes, come, comemos, coméis, comen

Modo indicativo + Tiempo imperefecto

comí, comiste, comió, comimos, comisteis, comieron

Modo condicional + (hay tiempo para este modo?) yes: condicional perfecto: yo habría comido etc.

comería, comerías, comería, comeríamos, comeríais, comerían (present)

Modo imperativo :

yo - (no hay), come, coma, comamos, comad comed, coman


¿Dónde debo poner el número? is "voice" same as aspecto ?

No, voice = voz, even in linguistics.

[Caramelita]

Originally Posted by Perikles

No, voice = voz, even in linguistics.

Gracias!

Entonces en el final podría poner :

voz- pasiva - fue comido
voz- activa- yo como, tú comes etc... ?

y el número ? dónde lo tengo que poner? junto a la persona? por ej:

persona : first person singular, yo
second person singular, tú
third person singular, él
first person plural, nosotros
second person plural, vosotros and so on?

[Perikles]

Originally Posted by Caramelita

Gracias!

Entonces en el final podría poner :

voz- pasiva - fue comido
voz- activa- yo como, tú comes etc... ?

y el número ? dónde lo tengo que poner? junto a la persona? por ej:

persona : first person singular, yo
second person singular, tú
third person singular, él
first person plural, nosotros
second person plural, vosotros and so on?

Yes, all correct. But remember that Spanish avoids the passive voice construction, even though you need to identify it.

[Caramelita]

Originally Posted by Perikles

Yes, all correct. But remember that Spanish avoids the passive voice construction, even though you need to identify it.

Awesome, thank you so much!

[Perikles]

You are welcome. Spanish usually turns the passive voice into an active one. Here is a primitive example:

He is called Juan 3rd person singular present indicative passive

This translates into

Se llama Juan (= he calls himself Juan) 3rd person singular present indicative active

This is logical for people, because Juan probably does call himself Juan. But not logical for, say, a new baby, because it can't speak . Nor is it logical for animals, because they don't call themselves anything. But that's how it works.

[wrholt]

Originally Posted by Caramelita

Hola !!

De lo que tengo entendido, los verbos conjugan en : tempus (tiempo), modus (modo) y persona. ¿Es correcto?

por ejemplo. modo - indicativo, subjuntivo, condicional y imperativo ( claro que hay más, pero los principal son estos, no?

tiempo- presente y imperfecto (los principales ?)

y persona: yo, tú, él y ella, nosotros, vosotros, ellos ?

Originally Posted by Perikles

There are two more attributes: number and voice. Number is either singular or plural.

yo : first person singular
nosotros: first person plural
etc.

Voice is either active or passive (although the Spanish passive voice is avoided, it does exist so you must be aware of it. An example: Este libro fue escrito por un amigo mío)

There are other factors beside the 5 you two mention:

tiempo = tense (past, present, future)
modo = mood (indicative, subjunctive, conditional, imperative)
persona = person (first, second, third)
número = number (singular, plural)
voz = voice (active, passive)

The other factors include:
a. perfect (or perfective) vs. imperfect (or imperfective) [sometimes called "aspect"]
b. progressive/continuous vs. non-progressive/non-continuous [also sometimes considered to be part of "aspect"]

Perfect vs. imperfect is relevant only for past tenses in Spanish, äs we have:

past tense, indicative mood, perfect aspect = pretérito perfecto simple:
comí, comíste, comió, comimos, comisteis, comieron

and:

past tense, indicative mood, imperfect aspect = pasado imperfecto:
comía, comías, comía, comíamos, comíais, comían.

Actually, Spanish has 2 variations on the perfect aspect, as EVERY simple verb form of most verbs has a corresponding "perfecto compuesto" = "compound perfect" form consisting of the corresponding simple form of the verb "haber" + the "-do" form (often called the "past participle") of the original verb: simple infinitive "hacer" = to do, compound perfect infinitive "haber hecho" = to have done.

Similarly, EVERY simple verb form of most verbs has a corresponding progressive/continuous form consisting of the corresponding simple form of the verb + the "-ndo" form (often called the present participle or the gerundio) of the original verb: simple infinitive "hacer" = to do, progressive/continuous infinitive "estar haciendo" = to be doing.