Marked patrol car

Marked patrol car
 

A marked patrol car is usually a police car that is clearly labeled with official police logos and insignias. For example, it might have clear labels that indicate "L.A Police Department" and is equipped with lights and sirens.

Does Spanish have any words to indicate "marked patrol car"?

In Argentina it's called "patrullero". "Patrullero de policía" if you have to make a distinction from vehicles belonging to other forces.

"Patrulla" in Mexico; it can only be a police car with labels and lights. A "patrullero" here is the policeman inside the car.
If it's necessary to define which police was that, we can say "patrulla de la policía federal/estatal/municipal", "patrulla de la policía bancaria", "patrulla de tránsito" (this is the only one that isn't used with "policía de")...

Thanks. I think "patrulla" is the word that I needed.

BTW, would there be a word to describe and unmarked car? In other words, an undercover car with no official labels or identifiers?

Not in Mexico. We might describe it as a "coche/carro/vehículo de policía sin insignias/identificación". :)