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Subjunctive bedbugs - Page 2

 

Grammar questions– conjugations, verb tenses, adverbs, adjectives, word order, syntax, etc.


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  #21
Old September 01, 2010, 09:52 PM
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Ah, well, I think he'll be up and kicking when you an I are already in bed... (This suspense is killing me!)
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  #22
Old September 02, 2010, 05:38 AM
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I suppose my response will be disappointing. On balance the explanations could be

1) It is correct, assuming an ellipsed clause giving the second clause a subjunctive

2) The rules regarding when to use a subjunctive are sufficiently fluid to say it is a question of personal choice.

3) The journalist is just making a mistake

4) Tenerife dialect.

The difference between 3) and 4) is obscure.
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  #23
Old September 02, 2010, 06:18 AM
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3) y 4) definitiva y absolutamente no.

1) y 2) se acercan
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  #24
Old September 02, 2010, 12:56 PM
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Totalmente de acuerdo con AleCcowan!

Después de que Perikles no supiera con claridad como se usa "supiera" en oraciones castellanas, tuvimos que darle unos cuantos ejemplos para que lo captara... y al final lo entendió. Aunque reconozco que no es lo más fácil.

Does this example helps at all?

More examples (all of them absolutely correct, not dialect, not even regional usage... maybe in Spain you use "supiese" and or "supiera" interchangeably.)

Después de que no se supiese o supiera de los toros durante unos años, los partidos políticos los "resucitaron".

Después de que yo no supiese o supiera de mi antigua novia, Mónica, durante tres años, me la encontré en el bar de la facultad...

Después de que el comisario no supiese o supiera de las pruebas contra "El Chuli" (un chorizo de poca monta al que nunca podían condenar) se puso manos a la obra para meterle un paquete.

Después de que durante años no se supiese o supiera nada sobre los efectos de las drogas psiquiátricas, la Comisión de Ciudadanos en Pro de los Derechos Humanos realizó un exposé para concienciar a la gente del peligro de tales "medicinas".

At any rate, the examples are many. That this is correct and in wide use there is no question about it. To give an accurate "theory" as to why "subjunctive" is used... well, as Alec says, the above (1 and 2) approximates somehow to a valid answer.
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  #25
Old September 02, 2010, 08:05 PM
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Estoy de acuerdo contigo JPablo, pero recordando que es una estructura que se usa con motivos especiales y que la moderación se impone.

Yo lo que lamento es que por motivos internos de España -especialmente los indicativos asturiano y gallego idénticos al subjuntivo castellano, y el uso afectado que se difundió por toda la Península durante el primer período romántico- hablantes y hasta algún que otro estudioso de ese origen terminen estereotipando y luego condenando este uso.

Es claro que es cuestionable adjetivar un hecho previo cuando en realidad es causal y desconocido para el que escucha o lee. Así, "recordó la carta que le escribiera su amada" se salva raspando sólo si la carta ya ha sido presentada (es "la" carta) y el autor le está insinuando al lector "oye, es aquella de la cual ya te hablé".

En nuestro caso particular el uso de "después de que" hace más delicado el asunto. Si existe sincronización y/o causalidad el imperfecto del subjuntivo queda muy mal: "y salió inmediatamente después de que terminara" pues sólo puede resolverse como pluscuamperfecto del indicativo, y uno bastante amanerado, además. Por eso, sin ser incorrecta, la opción 1) de Perikles tampoco puede ser la correcta.

Entonces, volviendo a la frase de la pregunta, nos encontramos que si no hay sincronización ni causalidad o no importa si las hay (porque después de que no se supiera es obviamente seguido por el período en el que se sabe), ahí sí ya se vale el indicativo o el subjuntivo según se quiera resaltar o atenuar la información y se refiera a lo nuevo o a lo conocido. Eso depende de lo que el autor quiere comunicar, pero depende de códigos que el interlocutor maneja, de allí que no es ni deja de ser la 2).

En la frase de la pregunta inicial, el autor ha sido hábil en intercalar dichos del entrevistado con su relato, y ha usado el mismo imperfecto del subjuntivo que usó el entrevistado tanto para desenfatizar esa unidad de información con respecto al flujo principal de la noticia como para alejar la sospecha de discordancia de modos.

Perikles y otros interesados en el tema se encontrarán con literatura y periodismo de calidad que hace uso de este recurso de adjetivar mediante el subjuntivo para desenfatizar y sabrán que:

a) Pueden reducirlo a perfecto del indicativo o pluscuamperfecto del indicativo sin gran pérdida de información.
b) No necesitan aprender a usarlo así, ni menos aún practicarlo.
c) Deben resistir la tentación de preguntar cada vez y deben evitar caer en críticas a coro con hablantes nativos que no entienden el uso.

Y para terminar este long-winded post, dos ejemplos que me tocó discutir en foros similares y que considero un uso exquisito de este recurso:

"Antonio Vanegas Arroyo publicó la mayor parte de la obra de Posada. Lo contrató para ilustrar las populares gacetas callejeras destinadas a las clases más pobres...El recuerdo más personal proviene de don Blas Vanegas, el hijo de Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, quien fuera empleador de Posada durante muchos años."

Fuera y no fue, esto afirma que fue Antonio Vanegas Arroyo el empleador y no Blas Vanegas.

"En esa casa que fuera el primer prostíbulo de la zona y donde su marido tiene ahora su estudio de abogado, Isabel Allende tiene su oficina."

Fuera y no fue, esto hace que la "prostibulez" de la casa sea una cualidad curiosa de su historia y no algo relativo a sus actuales ocupantes, pues "que fuera el primer prostíbulo de la zona" es un adjetivo que califica a la casa en el pasado. Para tranquilidad de los angloparlantes, esto es algo que todavía le resta aprender a muchos hablantes nativos.
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  #26
Old September 02, 2010, 08:11 PM
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Muy buenos puntos... Lo de calificar "en el pasado" también se aplicaría a la oración original de este thread... "después de que no se supiera de ellos" (porque ahora, en presente, sí se vuelve a saber, claro.)
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  #27
Old September 03, 2010, 03:40 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by JPablo View Post
Después de que Perikles no supiera con claridad como se usa "supiera" en oraciones castellanas, tuvimos que darle unos cuantos ejemplos para que lo captara... y al final lo entendió. Aunque reconozco que no es lo más fácil.

Does this example helps at all?
Yes, and it has highlighted a connection for me. My dictionary gives después as an adverb relating to time: after, afterwards, then. In the above sentence, it could be translated as a conjunction introducing a reason... since this idiot doesn't quite understand... To me, there is a causal link.

Many thanks for the other examples as well. I do actually now see the effect of the subjunctive. My original query was due to the inadequacy of the dictionary, and my grammar book, neither of which mention this use. My dictionary says:
Quote:
después (de) que
Quote:
when, after; después (de) que se enteró no le escribió más when o after she found out she never wrote to him again; después (de) que + subj (refiriéndose al futuro) when, once; después (de) que todos se hayan ido once o when everybody has left;
So clearly this is a simplification which is why I was puzzled.


Quote:
Originally Posted by aleCcowaN View Post
"Antonio Vanegas Arroyo publicó la mayor parte de la obra de Posada. Lo contrató para ilustrar las populares gacetas callejeras destinadas a las clases más pobres...El recuerdo más personal proviene de don Blas Vanegas, el hijo de Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, quien fuera empleador de Posada durante muchos años."

Fuera y no fue, esto afirma que fue Antonio Vanegas Arroyo el empleador y no Blas Vanegas..
A fascinating subtlety which eliminates an ambiguity.

Quote:
Originally Posted by aleCcowaN View Post
"En esa casa que fuera el primer prostíbulo de la zona y donde su marido tiene ahora su estudio de abogado, Isabel Allende tiene su oficina."

Fuera y no fue, esto hace que la "prostibulez" de la casa sea una cualidad curiosa de su historia y no algo relativo a sus actuales ocupantes, pues "que fuera el primer prostíbulo de la zona" es un adjetivo que califica a la casa en el pasado.
Another nice example of a subtlety which if difficult to render in English. Perhaps with a phrase like ..which happened to be.. indicating a fact which has no further consequence.

Many thanks to both of you for the extended explanation.
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  #28
Old September 03, 2010, 07:54 AM
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Meanwhile, I've just read this:
Quote:
Eso es. Y hay dos cosas más: una semana antes de que se perdiera el expediente, allanaron el domicilio de Hutan Kian y desapareció el ordenador portátil, así como el maletín en el que se encontraba el resumen del sumario.
El País

Again, my dictionary indicates that the subjunctive is used for an event in the future - yet here it is talking about a past event already mentioned.
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  #29
Old September 03, 2010, 08:23 AM
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A diferencia de "después de que", "antes de que" se sigue con subjuntivo en (virtualmente) toda ocasión por el tipo de conexión lógica:

allanaron el domicilio; una semana después el expediente se perdió

ambos declarativos: los dos hechos se ofrecen en secuencia y se presentan realizándose

allanaron el domicilio una semana antes de que el expediente se perdiera

uno declarativo y otro referencial: los dos hechos se ofrecen en secuencia contraria; un hecho se realiza y el otro hecho sirve de referencia para ubicarlo en contexto ---> la solución de la "secuencia contraria" está en el aspecto imperfectivo, así que las opciones eran decir "antes de que el expediente se perdía" o "antes de que el expediente se perdiera", y por distintos motivos lógicos y funcionales el castellano se ha decidido por lo segundo.

Podemos decir:

se perdió el expediente una semana después de que allanaron el domicilio

pero no

allanaron el domicilio una semana antes de que se perdió el expediente

Podremos decir:

se perdió el expediente una semana después de que allanaran el domicilio

si el allanamiento es información ya conocida.
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  #30
Old September 03, 2010, 08:31 AM
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There are solid rules (a lot of them) about the Spanish subjunctive that are fairly easy to master provided you memorize them. Then, there is free use in which is used when you want to express something somewhat tentative. This less-regulated use, as far as I can tell, is evident in the past subjunctive and not the present subjunctive as far as I can tell.
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  #31
Old September 03, 2010, 09:01 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by aleCcowaN View Post
y por distintos motivos lógicos y funcionales el castellano se ha decidido por lo segundo.
Thanks yet again. I note that the subjunctive is used in different languages for different purposes, and there always seems to be a logical argument for its use, except that the logic is never the same. But I do see the point about antes de que. Again, my dictionary is inadequate.

Edit: maybe not. It gives mucho/poco antes (de) que tú nacieras a long time/just before you were born.

Not only that, something tells me that there is an archaic parallel in English: a long time before you would be born

Last edited by Perikles; September 03, 2010 at 09:36 AM.
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  #32
Old September 03, 2010, 10:18 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Perikles View Post
Again, my dictionary indicates that the subjunctive is used for an event in the future - yet here it is talking about a past event already mentioned.
Your dictionary probably says that present subjunctive is used for an event in the future, and that's right:

Pásame la fuente antes de que te lo comas todo.
Volveremos antes de que termines.
Eso va a estar arreglado antes de que concluyan las sesiones.
Y lo habrás realizado antes de que te des cuenta.
Salgo antes de que se ponga el sol (hecho programado, no costumbre)
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  #33
Old September 03, 2010, 10:26 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by aleCcowaN View Post
Your dictionary probably says that present subjunctive is used for an event in the future,
Yes it does. I hadn't noticed the antes (de) que tú nacierasexample for the past event.
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  #34
Old September 03, 2010, 11:34 AM
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Hey, Perikles, Rusty gave Lou Ann this great link. It may be helpful for you too.
http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/subjadv.htm
(Notice that our famous "después (de) que"on this thread, is right there.)
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  #35
Old September 03, 2010, 11:44 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by JPablo View Post
Hey, Perikles, Rusty gave Lou Ann this great link. It may be helpful for you too.
http://users.ipfw.edu/jehle/courses/subjadv.htm
(Notice that our famous "después (de) que"on this thread, is right there.)
Thanks - I see that después (de) que is right there on the list, after this unambiguous statement:
Quote:
The following adverbial conjunctions deal with time, and are followed by the subjunctive when they introduce an anticipated situation. If they introduce one which is viewed as completed or habitual, they are followed by the indicative.
The examples given clearly indicate the subjunctive is used only when there is an anticipated situation. A definite past event does not qualify. The link is how I understood the situation, hence my opening post.
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  #36
Old September 03, 2010, 12:17 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Perikles View Post
Quote:
The following adverbial conjunctions deal with time, and are followed by the subjunctive when they introduce an anticipated situation. If they introduce one which is viewed as completed or habitual, they are followed by the indicative.
The examples given clearly indicate the subjunctive is used only when there is an anticipated situation. A definite past event does not qualify. The link is how I understood the situation, hence my opening post.
And back to square one?

Remember what I said about synchronization! Are the facts synchronized? Relax, put some ice on your forehead and re-read both this thread and that document -which offers general guidance-. On one example there:

Trabajamos mientras ellos descansan
Trabajamos mientras ellos descansen
Trabajaremos mientras ellos descansan
Trabajaremos mientras ellos descansen
Trabajamos mientras ellos descansaban
Trabajamos mientras ellos descansaran
Trabajaríamos mientras ellos descansaran
Trabajamos mientras no te enojes.

are all correct in different contexts. If you add "Siempre" before, some are dropped, but subjunctive stays in one or two places.
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  #37
Old September 03, 2010, 01:16 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by aleCcowaN View Post
re-read both this thread and that document -which offers general guidance-. .
Are you saying that the document is compatible with your explanations about the imperfect subjunctive earlier?
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  #38
Old September 03, 2010, 02:39 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Perikles View Post
Are you saying that the document is compatible with your explanations about the imperfect subjunctive earlier?
Yes! The problem seems to be that you couldn't conciliate yet the explanations around the example you provided with the general guidance provided by that article. Don't worry.

I can write (unsolicited) pages on this, but when you chose to learn Spanish subjunctive following a long list of triggering phrases to translate English infinitive into Spanish either indicative or subjunctive, you are going to have this kind of comprehension conflicts and even worse ones. Then, be patient as the alternative -and right- way is completely understanding what you mean in Mentalese and casting it into Spanish words, meanings and moods all at the same level, at the same time, and in half a second.

In Spanish -or any language- moods are part of its grammar, and Spanish speakers select the moods previously or in the very act of casting thoughts into words. I'm sure this is not even easy to understand and looks unapproachable, but that's the way it is and every year thousands and thousands conquer it without even realizing.

So relax, re-read all again if you want, or choose to sustain the apparent contradictions because the brains will use them as an inspiration. There's no need to make up your mind in the short run.

[And if I "invented" some English, feel free to tell me]
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  #39
Old September 03, 2010, 04:17 PM
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In addition to these wise advices by Alec, I checked a couple of DRAE definitions, that may be somewhat 'enlightening'.

modo subjuntivo. 1. m. Gram. El que manifiesta lo expresado por el verbo con marcas que indican la subjetividad.

subjetividad.
1. f. Cualidad de subjetivo.

subjetivo, va. (Del lat. subiectīvus).
1. adj. Perteneciente o relativo al sujeto, considerado en oposición al mundo externo.
2. adj. Perteneciente o relativo a nuestro modo de pensar o de sentir, y no al objeto en sí mismo.

By these definitions, después de que no se supiera de ellos the mood has to do with a subjective knowledge of the situation, is not that the "bedbugs" didn't exist anymore, "nobody" knew anything about them, yet they were there behind the scenes, without a "subjective" knowledge of them...

Also, it is interesting to consider the "idiomatic" way this is occurring, like in English, the subjunctive occurs too in some established or idiomatic expressions: So be it. Heaven help us. God rest ye merry, gentlemen. Were in the phrase as it were, meaning “in a way,” is a subjunctive: His apology, as it were, sounded more like an insult.

Maybe in English one would tend to say "as it was"?

Well, don't want to be rambling on the "matter" but I thought it may give you some additional inspiration...
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  #40
Old September 03, 2010, 11:22 PM
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O sea, "un novio nunca supo de la carta que su novia le escribiera por esos tiempos" estaría mal.

¿Es mejor decir "un novio nunca supo de la carta que su novia le escribió..."?


O le había escrito...

Cierto?
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