Sazonar adobar aderezar marinar

[cmon]

sazonar-to season with dry seasoning only?
adobar-to season with combo of dry & liquid seasoning, no marinating involved?
aderezar-to dress a salad?
marinar-identical to marinating?

[chileno]

To me aderezar, adobar y sazonar are the same.

Te falta aliñar, mainly used with salads.

EDIT:

[cmon]

"To me aderezar, adobar y sazonar are the same."

Dudo que un cocinero dedicado esté de acuerdo contigo!
I doubt that a dedicated cook would agreed with you!

[ookami]

Originally Posted by chileno

To me aderezar, adobar y sazonar are the same.

Te falta aliñar, mainly used with salads.

Idem

Y falta condimentar(el más usado acá al menos), que es sinónimo de sazonar, etc

[JPablo]

Well, Cmon, while for the majority of people, maybe all these terms are identified, from a profesional viewpoint, (and maybe not so professional...) there are differences.
Taken mainly from Moliner I include the following,
aderezar: añadir a las comidas condimentos para darles sabor: ‘Aderezar la ensalada con aceite, vinagre y sal’. Condimentar.
adobar: Poner una vianda en adobo. (adobo: 2 Jugo que se hace con diversos condimentos, como aceite, vinagre, sal, orégano u otras hierbas aromáticas, ajo, pimentón, etc., en el cual se sumergen ciertas viandas para *conservarlas y darles sabor.)
sazonar: condimentar la comida.
(DRAE) marinar 2. tr. Conservar en crudo ciertos alimentos, especialmente pescado, con adobo de vino, vinagre, hierbas, especias, etc., a fin de que se ablanden y adquieran aroma.

So, "aderezar" and "sazonar" are very close synonyms, together with "condimentar".
I would tend to use "aderezar la ensalada a mi gusto", meaning I will put the oil, vinagre, and/or salt to my own liking. If I was cooking, or my mom was cooking I would say, "Mi madre sabe sazonar muy bien los platos que cocina." Or "creo que en España no se condimenta tan fuerte como en México."

Then, "adobar" and "marinar" are also very close in sense, meaning and procedure. I believe (and someone knowing better can correct me if I am wrong) "marinar" the liquid used is just maybe wine, and may have something else, as per the definition given above, but the main thing is the wine. My mom used to marinate the chickens for 12 or more hours, if I remember well...
The "adobo" is more a mixture of different juices.
I hope this helps. (I am not an expert on this, faaar from it, but at least the definitions and what I know is not an invention.)

Superlex (Oxford bilingual) gives,
marinar = to marinante
adobar = to marinate; to pickle;to cure
aderezar = to season, dress (also, to pickle and to cure)
sazonar = to season

Well, there you have it. (Luckily I already had supper... but I am just thinking about eating something else now... )
(Let me know if any questions on my Spanish...)

[AngelicaDeAlquezar]

I find dictionary definitions quite usful and although I think some cooking-related words may have a different meaning depending on the region... this is how I learnt them in Grandma's kitchen:

Sazonar: usually to add spices, salt and pepper (in this case, it's a synonym of "condimentar"); but in Mexico it can also be to cook something with a low or medium flame until flavor of spices you have just added is concentrated.

Adobar: to cook meat in a (very) spiced sauce. It's usually marinated and then cooked in the same sauce.

Aderezar: I have only heard it for salads, yes. "Aliñar" is a synonym, although it's not used in Mexico.

Marinar: to put meat in a liquid preparation with spices for some time before cooking. The marinating mixture is usually discarded afterwards.