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Grammar questions– conjugations, verb tenses, adverbs, adjectives, word order, syntax, etc.


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  #41
Old December 28, 2009, 05:08 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by laepelba View Post
That's a tough one, and I'll leave it for someone more knowledgeable in grammar rules than I to give you the reasoning. But I can tell you the following:



More:
I will do the laundry today.
I am doing my homework.
I will have my students carry the desks to the other room.


I suppose that "make" has the feeling of creating something... like you do when you "make" a meal.

I suppose that "do" has the feeling of accomplishing some task.

Does that help?
Yes, that help me a lot.


But I have a question.


Why can't I write the phrase with do instead of take.

I will take a walk with your brother.

I will do a walk with your brother.

They both are correct in Spanish.

Please you should explain me the why?

I appreciate your support.
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  #42
Old December 28, 2009, 05:12 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by CrOtALiTo View Post
Yes, that help me a lot.


But I have a question.


Why can't I write the phrase with do instead of take.

I will take a walk with your brother.

I will do a walk with your brother.

They both are correct in Spanish.

Please you should explain me the why?

I appreciate your support.
I will have to allow a grammarian to explain to you why. I have no idea why ... just that's how it is.... Sorry.
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  #43
Old December 28, 2009, 06:20 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by laepelba View Post
I will have to allow a grammarian to explain to you why. I have no idea why ... just that's how it is.... Sorry.
Ok I will stay an answer of someone.
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Last edited by CrOtALiTo; December 28, 2009 at 06:50 PM.
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  #44
Old December 29, 2009, 01:13 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by laepelba View Post
Well, I would say that there's a certain level of widely accepted "correctness" when you're in a formal educational environment. I would also say that it is well within my boss' purview to require me to use this acceptably correct English when speaking with him or with students or with a parent. I would also say that it is well within the purview of my boss and of the school board to expect that I would require my students to use this same acceptably correct English in the classroom. In fact, many students are told by their parents that there is a different way of speaking in certain settings (like the classroom) than in other settings. You don't agree? Interesting, then, your answer in the last part about what sounds "odd"....
I don't agree with the word "correct". To me it speaks of a set of problematic attitudes. There are different registers, and it is reasonable to a certain extent to expect people to use certain registers in certain contexts, but even here I would be wary of over-enforcement because it turns into discrimination on the grounds of social class or native region.
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  #45
Old December 29, 2009, 01:29 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by CrOtALiTo View Post
Why can't I write the phrase with do instead of take.

I will take a walk with your brother.

I will do a walk with your brother.

They both are correct in Spanish.
But not in English. The reason is that some verbs always go with some nouns, and others do not. I will take a walk or I will go for a walk. Simple as that!

The verb to do is very difficult to explain, and usually used instead of a correct verb when you can't think of the correct one:
I haven't done my teeth yet = I haven't cleaned my teeth yet.
I must do my hair = I must comb/brush my hair.
I have to do the dishes = I must wash up the dishes.

It is a lazy verb, and there is (almost) always a better one.

Remember too that it is correct when it forms part of the emphatic English present tense:
I do love you
Do you come here often?
Do stop whistling!
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  #46
Old December 29, 2009, 09:00 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by pjt33 View Post
I don't agree with the word "correct". To me it speaks of a set of problematic attitudes. There are different registers, and it is reasonable to a certain extent to expect people to use certain registers in certain contexts, but even here I would be wary of over-enforcement because it turns into discrimination on the grounds of social class or native region.
Exactly my sentiments. However, we are all guilty of doing exactly that because of nationalism and what not...
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  #47
Old December 30, 2009, 12:45 AM
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I'd like to say that it's not so easy to declare oneself descriptive or prescriptive. Where are the borders? I don't know any of these called "descriptive" saying "me se ha caído el lápiz", but "se me ha caído el lápiz". People is descriptive when they speak, but not when they study (though their ignorance of the meaning of this word).

I've studied prescriptive grammar (in any language, even in my own). I've never had a teacher who were so descriptive that he would tell me: "you're doing well you know nothing about grammar, but you write as people in the street speak (la gente de la calle ), so I'll give you a good mark".

Furthermore, one must know prescriptive grammar before study thoroughly descriptivism. So, the social differences keep on. Nobody who has not study grammar deeply know the difference between prescriptivism or descriptivism.

Besides, when you learn a new language, you must know its grammar. Except for a completely bilingual person (less usual than we'd like), people is not able to speak a foreigner language correctly without grammar (and grammar -or Grammar- is prescriptive-).

Anyway, I think that the struggle between prescriptivism and descriptivism is common between English speakers, maybe because you don't have an institution as RAE (prescriptive, of course) that takes care of the language. And even Chomsky said that "sensible prescriptivism ought to be part of any education".
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  #48
Old December 30, 2009, 03:33 AM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by irmamar View Post
I'd like to say that it's not so easy to declare oneself descriptive or prescriptive. Where are the borders?
Si oyes a muchas personas que no siguen una regla, ¿intentas cambiar la regla o las personas?

Quote:
I don't know any of these called "descriptive" saying "me se ha caído el lápiz", but "se me ha caído el lápiz". People are descriptive when they speak, but not when they study (though their ignorance of the meaning of this word).
No tiene que ver con lo que hablas tú sino con tu manera de reaccionar ante lo que hablan los demás.

Quote:
I've studied prescriptive grammar (in any language, even in my own). I've never had a teacher who was so descriptive that he would tell me: "you're doing well you know nothing about grammar, but you write as people in the street speak , so I'll give you a good mark".
A los profesores siempre les gusta que las cosas sean sencillas, ¿no? Mis profes de ciencias me enseñaron un montón de cosas que no son verdades pero sirven para aproximar la verdad; luego, cuando vas aprendiendo, puedes usar aproximaciones más cercanas de la verdad.

Mis profes de inglés no nos enseñaron la gramática de la calle (bueno, casi no nos enseñaron nada de gramática), pero tampoco nos exigían que habláramos como Fowler. (Cabe añadir que en cuanto a la literatura, está bien escribir la narrativa en un registro adaptado a tus lectores deseados, pero las oraciones de los personajes en registros adecuados para su caracterización, y si un profesor te penaliza por hacerlo es un mal profesor).

Mis profes de idiomas extranjeros nos enseñaron algunas cositas coloquiales (como "profe", por ejemplo).

Quote:
Furthermore, one must know prescriptive grammar before studying thoroughly descriptivism.
¿Por qué? Si vas al Amazonas y encuentras un tribu desconocido que habla una lengua desconocida, ¿la vas a estudiar de forma prescriptista o descriptista?

Además, como ya he dicho, no es cuestión de como hablas tú. La mayoría de los ingleses (de mi generación, por lo menos) nunca han estudiado la gramática inglesa. ¿Y hablan inglés?

Quote:
Besides, when you learn a new language, you must know its grammar. Except for a completely bilingual person (less usual than we'd like), people are not able to speak a foreigner language correctly without grammar (and grammar -or Grammar- is prescriptive-).
Estás usando la palabra de forma distinta que yo. La Gramática es una serie de reglas, sí, pero son reglas escondidas. Yo "conozco" las reglas de la gramática inglés-británico-del-sur-este pero no las podría escribir. Si oigo o leo algo que no sigue las reglas me suena mal.

Lo que pasa es que la gente quiere escribir las reglas para enseñarlas. Pues, ¿como hacerlo? Y ¿qué haces si después de hacerlo oyes a personas diciendo cosas que no siguen tus reglas?

Quote:
Anyway, I think that the struggle between prescriptivism and descriptivism is common between English speakers, maybe because you don't have an institution as RAE (prescriptive, of course) that takes care of the language.
En parte es porque los prescriptistas del inglés más conocidos inventaron algunas reglas por fiat, sin mas evidencia que sus propias preferencias. A veces sus "reglas" contradicen a Shakespeare, la Traducción Autorizada de la Biblia, Austen, Dickens, etc. ¿Es que éstos no conocen el inglés?

Quote:
And even Chomsky said that "sensible prescriptivism ought to be part of any education".
Pero no dice que debes ser prescriptista. Dice que el inglés de los prescriptistas vale la pena estudiar, pero a mí parece que lo trata como un idioma extranjero.
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  #49
Old December 30, 2009, 11:04 AM
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Veo que me corriges. ¿Eres prescriptivista?

¿Y qué defendemos?, ¿la incultura al poder? El hecho de que mucha gente diga "me se" en lugar de "se me" (por poner un ejemplo) puede ser estudiado, pero no crea una regla, y mucho menos una regla cultural, ya que la lengua es cultura. Lenguaje y cultura van cogidos de la mano. Y no estamos en la Edad Media cuando la cultura estaba en manos de la Iglesia y los libros encerrados en los monasterios. Hoy en día todo el mundo tiene acceso a la cultura en cualquier país medianamente desarrollado: escolarización obligatoria; libros, incluso de segunda mano, al alcance de cualquiera; Internet; periódicos, revistas, publicaciones (algunas gratuitas); conferencias; actos culturales de varios tipos; asociaciones culturals y vecinales, y un sinfín de etcéteras (no hablo, ni quiero hablar, de los países más desfavorecidos). Es más, hablar incorrectamente no es motivo para crear una regla, sino una consecuencia de una incultura a la que muchas personas, voluntaria o involuntariamente, se han visto abocadas.

Chomsky no se sitúa en la corriente prescriptivista, sino en la gramática generativa transformacional. Sin embargo, no he podido apreciar fallos gramaticales en sus textos, sean de naturaleza semántica, morfológica o (especialmente) sintáctica. Por eso digo que el día que vea yo un libro escrito por un descriptivista diciendo algo así como: "paso io de la estructura de la oracion reglas i demas zarandajas ke me la trae sin cuidao ke pa eso esta la gente pa na pacer lo ke le de la gana i pasando de to ke si me biene al kite boi i canto pro ke si no pa ke boi a liarla con mas monsergas como la je i la jota o la be i la ube". Hasta entonces, seguiré escribiendo "haber" con hache y con be.

Y no defiendo la gramática prescriptiva (mucho menos la que considera mi lengua como una suerte de latín corrupto), tan sólo tengo en cuenta que la descriptiva (teórica del lenguaje hablado), a grosso modo, "estudia" unos fenómenos pero no establece reglas porque no es su función. También considero que la prescriptiva, hoy en día, se esfuerza por recoger el lenguaje hablado en distintos grupos sociales, por lo que tiene un enfoque descriptivo al mismo tiempo. Y como el lenguaje escrito tiene reglas, hay que seguirlas. También las tiene el lenguaje hablado, pero no son los teóricos descriptivistas quienes las redactan (¿o sí en comunidades reducidas?), pues puede caer (o caen) en el prescriptivismo. Por eso, me pregunto de nuevo: ¿dónde están los límites?, ¿son comparables si sus objetivos son distintos? Es más: desde el momento en el que el ser humano decidió plasmar por escrito su pensamiento para que otros pudieran leerlo, se crearon unas reglas, un código cuyo conocimiento era necesario para descifrar el mensaje. Y me gustaría ver a un descriptivista diciendo que esto no fue así.
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  #50
Old December 30, 2009, 01:41 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by irmamar View Post
Veo que me corriges. ¿Eres prescriptivista?
Es que no eres hablante nativa

Quote:
¿Y qué defendemos?, ¿la incultura al poder? El hecho de que mucha gente diga "me se" en lugar de "se me" (por poner un ejemplo) puede ser estudiado, pero no crea una regla, y mucho menos una regla cultural, ya que la lengua es cultura.
Defiendo
  1. que en general la gente dice lo que quiere decir,
  2. que los idiomas son complejos y están en evolución, por lo que escribir una gramática completa y perfecta es una meta admirable pero optimista, y
  3. que decir que algo es una regla no la hace correcta.
En cuanto a los pronombres, la gente que dice "me se" sigue una regla distinta de la que sigues tú, pero su gramática interna no es una anarquía. Tal vez sea imposible llegar a saber por qué ponen primero la "me", pero es posible que se pueda crear una regla que describe cuando lo hacen.

Quote:
Y no defiendo la gramática prescriptiva (mucho menos la que considera mi lengua como una suerte de latín corrupto), tan sólo tengo en cuenta que la descriptiva (teórica del lenguaje hablado), a grosso modo, "estudia" unos fenómenos pero no establece reglas porque no es su función. ... También las tiene el lenguaje hablado, pero no son los teóricos descriptivistas quienes las redactan (¿o sí en comunidades reducidas?)
http://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-Gram.../dp/0521431468
No lo he leído, pero sé que la intención de los autores fue dar unas reglas descriptivistas de la gramática de un dialecto del inglés.

Quote:
Es más: desde el momento en el que el ser humano decidió plasmar por escrito su pensamiento para que otros pudieran leerlo, se crearon unas reglas, un código cuyo conocimiento era necesario para descifrar el mensaje. Y me gustaría ver a un descriptivista diciendo que esto no fue así.
El abecedario tiene poco que ver con la lingüística. Las reglas de la lengua ya tenían antes en sus mentes y usaban siempre que hablaran.

Last edited by pjt33; December 30, 2009 at 01:49 PM.
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  #51
Old December 30, 2009, 03:21 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by irmamar View Post
Anyway, I think that the struggle between prescriptivism and descriptivism is common between English speakers, maybe because you don't have an institution as RAE (prescriptive, of course) that takes care of the language. And even Chomsky said that "sensible prescriptivism ought to be part of any education".
Okay, well y'all's discussion has gone beyond my ability to follow along. I must say that:
(1) PJT, you have given me a LOT to consider. My main professional focus, after the teaching of the mathematics, is the pursuit of equity in the classroom ... and that our public schools in the US are so focused on the education of the middle/upper class white male student needs to be overcome! Your comment about the discrimination against certain groups of students on the basis of MY definition of "correctness" has given me MUCH to ponder. THANK YOU!!
(2) I have read (in English) about the *fact* of the RAE. It is a fascinating thing to my mind. I have often contemplated why in the world there is no similar regulatory organization for English. Not that the Brits or Yankees could ever agree on certain things ... but to have resources like the RAE provides would be so wonderful, if for no more than mere reference. (P.S. My mother bought me an RAE Spanish dictionary for Christmas. What a dork I am! )
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  #52
Old December 30, 2009, 03:48 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by laepelba View Post
(P.S. My mother bought me an RAE Spanish dictionary for Christmas. What a dork I am! )
It shows that after all, you are still her girl and that she is 1000% behind you. :-)

Yes, a thousand %
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  #53
Old December 30, 2009, 03:58 PM
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Quote:
Originally Posted by chileno View Post
It shows that after all, you are still her girl and that she is 1000% behind you. :-)

Yes, a thousand %
Yeah, my mom's pretty cool.
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